Speeders are SAFER drivers 619and Airbags, safety cages, crumple zones, seat belt pre-tensioners, Compulsory Basic Training, collapsible steering columns, ShellGrip, door reinforcing struts, deforming bumpers, ABS, hazard perception tests...
The offence is to cross the stop line when the red light is showing.
Normally there are loops about 6" before and after the stop line. It is possible to determine from the sequence of the detects and the sequence of the lights whether an offence has been commited or not.
I haven't seen that figure published anywhere YMMV. ISTM it would be just asking for the local boy racers to factor it into their calculations.
These cameras frequently photograph accidents as they happen (the photos are on the "Safety" camera partnership websites) . Since a car doing 30 would cover a distance of 88 feet in 2 seconds, 133 feet at 40, a 2 second delay would miss a lot of accidents, which would be embarrbutting. The motorist has already had the amber phase as a warning buffer zone.
That's for them to know and us to wonder about. ;-)
Usually motoring offences apply to "any part of the vehicle". So being stopped half over the stop line whilst the lights were green by stationary traffic in front wouldn't enbreastle the driver to move completely into the junction if the space in front cleared whilst a red light was showing.
DG